{ "families": [ { "n": "Fearful", "t": "E", "a": "fear", "d": "Experiencing fear in response to perceived physical, emotional, or psychological danger, with attention and bodily responses directed toward protection.", "c": [ { "n": "Scared", "t": "I", "a": "fear and acute threat response", "d": "Experiencing fear because a situation is appraised as dangerous, with increased alertness and readiness to protect oneself. The label is an everyday expression of the clinical and psychological fear response.", "c": [ { "n": "Helpless", "t": "E", "a": "helplessness", "d": "Perceiving that one cannot protect oneself, change a distressing situation, or influence its outcome despite wanting to do so.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Frightened", "t": "E", "a": "fright and fear response", "d": "Experiencing fear in response to a dangerous or potentially dangerous encounter, often with immediate alarm and bodily tension.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Anxious", "t": "E", "a": "anxiety", "d": "Experiencing apprehension about anticipated danger or misfortune, often accompanied by physical tension. Anxiety can occur without a clearly identifiable immediate threat.", "c": [ { "n": "Overwhelmed", "t": "I", "a": "psychological stress and demand-versus-resource appraisal", "d": "Appraising emotional intensity or situational demands as exceeding available coping resources, so organizing thoughts, regulating feelings, or choosing an effective response feels difficult. The closest framework is psychological stress and coping appraisal.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Worried", "t": "E", "a": "worry and anticipatory cognition", "d": "Engaging in apprehensive thoughts about possible negative events or outcomes, commonly involving repeated attempts to anticipate or solve potential problems.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Insecure", "t": "I", "a": "low self-esteem, reduced felt security, and rejection concerns", "d": "Experiencing reduced confidence in one's worth, capabilities, acceptance, or safety, with self-doubt and increased concern about rejection or threat. This interpretation concerns felt security, not a specific attachment diagnosis.", "c": [ { "n": "Inadequate", "t": "I", "a": "low perceived self-efficacy", "d": "Appraising one's abilities or resources as insufficient for a particular demand, producing self-doubt, anxiety, or reduced willingness to act. The closest construct is low perceived self-efficacy, rather than objectively demonstrated inability.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Inferior", "t": "I", "a": "negative social comparison and low self-esteem", "d": "Evaluating oneself unfavorably relative to others and experiencing oneself as less capable, worthy, or socially important. The closest constructs are negative social comparison and low self-esteem; this appraisal does not establish actual inferiority.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Weak", "t": "I", "a": "low perceived coping capacity and self-efficacy", "d": "Experiencing low confidence in one's ability to tolerate distress, meet demands, or protect oneself. The closest interpretation is perceived coping incapacity or reduced self-efficacy, rather than a clinical judgment about character or physical strength.", "c": [ { "n": "Worthless", "t": "E", "a": "feelings of worthlessness and negative self-appraisal", "d": "Experiencing a markedly negative appraisal of one's own value, such as believing one has no worth or usefulness.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Insignificant", "t": "I", "a": "low perceived mattering", "d": "Experiencing oneself as unnoticed, unimportant, or unlikely to affect others or events. The closest psychological construct is low mattering: a reduced sense that one's presence, needs, or contributions count.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Rejected", "t": "E", "a": "interpersonal rejection", "d": "Experiencing or perceiving a denial of acceptance, affection, attention, interest, or approval by another person or group.", "c": [ { "n": "Excluded", "t": "I", "a": "social exclusion and threatened belonging", "d": "Perceiving that access to a group, interaction, or opportunity for connection has been denied or withheld. This is closest to social exclusion, which can threaten belonging even when no explicit rejection is stated.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Persecuted", "t": "I", "a": "perceived interpersonal threat and targeted mistreatment", "d": "Appraising oneself as the target of repeated hostility, harassment, oppression, or unfair treatment, producing a sense of interpersonal danger. This describes perceived mistreatment; the label alone does not establish either actual persecution or a persecutory delusion.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Threatened", "t": "E", "a": "threat appraisal", "d": "Appraising a person, event, or situation as endangering one's safety, well-being, relationships, or sense of self.", "c": [ { "n": "Nervous", "t": "I", "a": "anticipatory anxiety and physiological arousal", "d": "Experiencing anticipatory uneasiness and bodily tension when an outcome, demand, or encounter feels uncertain or threatening. The closest clinical construct is situational anxiety, often accompanied by increased arousal or restlessness.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Exposed", "t": "I", "a": "vulnerability and social-evaluative threat", "d": "Experiencing heightened vulnerability because private information, limitations, or personal feelings seem visible and insufficiently protected. The closest constructs are perceived vulnerability and social-evaluative threat, particularly concern about judgment or interpersonal harm.", "c": [] } ] } ] }, { "n": "Angry", "t": "E", "a": "anger", "d": "Experiencing anger in response to perceived injury, injustice, or blocked goals, often with tension and an urge to confront or correct the situation.", "c": [ { "n": "Let down", "t": "I", "a": "disappointment and unmet interpersonal expectations", "d": "Experiencing disappointment when expected support, reliability, or a valued outcome fails to occur. In interpersonal settings, the closest interpretation is distress following a violated expectation that another person would respond dependably.", "c": [ { "n": "Betrayed", "t": "I", "a": "perceived breach of trust and relational threat", "d": "Experiencing relational distress after perceiving that a trusted person has violated loyalty, confidentiality, reliability, or an important commitment. The closest constructs are breach of trust and relational threat, which may involve hurt, anger, or distrust.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Resentful", "t": "E", "a": "resentment", "d": "Experiencing bitterness or hostility toward someone or something perceived as insulting, harmful, or unfair.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Humiliated", "t": "I", "a": "humiliation and social devaluation", "d": "Experiencing painful degradation or loss of dignity when one perceives being belittled, demeaned, or lowered in social standing. The closest construct is humiliation through social devaluation, which may combine shame, hurt, and anger without requiring a public audience.", "c": [ { "n": "Disrespected", "t": "I", "a": "perceived social devaluation and injustice", "d": "Appraising another person's treatment as failing to recognize one's dignity, boundaries, legitimacy, or standing. The closest constructs are perceived social devaluation and injustice, often accompanied by hurt, irritation, or anger.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Ridiculed", "t": "I", "a": "humiliation and social-evaluative threat", "d": "Experiencing oneself as the target of derisive amusement or mocking that threatens dignity or social standing. The closest constructs are humiliation and social-evaluative threat; associated feelings may include embarrassment, shame, hurt, or anger.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Bitter", "t": "I", "a": "persistent resentment and anger-focused rumination", "d": "Experiencing persistent resentment and negative feeling organized around remembered injury, disappointment, or unfairness. Anger-focused rumination is an adjacent mechanism that may help sustain this state; bitterness does not by itself establish a psychiatric disorder.", "c": [ { "n": "Indignant", "t": "I", "a": "moral anger and injustice appraisal", "d": "Experiencing anger because an action or situation is appraised as unjust, disrespectful, or contrary to a moral standard. The closest construct is moral anger, often with motivation to protest, confront, or seek correction.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Violated", "t": "I", "a": "boundary infringement and perceived threat to autonomy or safety", "d": "Experiencing threat or distress because personal, bodily, emotional, sexual, or privacy boundaries seem intruded upon or disregarded. The closest interpretation concerns infringement of autonomy, safety, or trust; no particular trauma diagnosis follows from the label.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Mad", "t": "I", "a": "anger", "d": "Experiencing anger in response to perceived injury, injustice, or frustration, often with tension and a desire to object or confront. In this wheel, the word means angry and does not refer to mental illness.", "c": [ { "n": "Furious", "t": "I", "a": "intense anger and rage", "d": "Experiencing very intense anger, with strong emotional and often physiological activation and an urge for forceful expression. The closest clinical construct is intense anger or rage; feeling it does not establish that aggression will occur.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Jealous", "t": "E", "a": "jealousy", "d": "Experiencing distress or resentment when a rival is perceived as threatening a valued relationship or another person's affection.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Aggressive", "t": "E", "a": "aggression and aggressive action tendencies", "d": "Describing behavior intended to cause physical or psychological harm. As a feeling label, it may describe an urge to act aggressively; it is not itself a distinct emotion.", "c": [ { "n": "Provoked", "t": "I", "a": "anger activation following perceived provocation", "d": "Experiencing anger or defensive activation after interpreting an event as insulting, obstructive, challenging, or threatening. The closest framework is reactive anger following perceived provocation, which remains distinct from acting aggressively.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Hostile", "t": "E", "a": "hostility", "d": "Experiencing or expressing strong antagonism, animosity, or opposition toward another person or target.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Frustrated", "t": "E", "a": "frustration and blocked goal pursuit", "d": "Experiencing distress or irritation when progress toward a goal, need, or expected outcome is blocked.", "c": [ { "n": "Infuriated", "t": "I", "a": "intense anger and rage", "d": "Experiencing extreme anger in reaction to an event appraised as intolerably offensive, frustrating, or unjust. The closest construct is intense anger or rage, which may produce strong action urges without necessarily resulting in harmful behavior.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Annoyed", "t": "I", "a": "irritation and low-intensity anger", "d": "Experiencing irritation or relatively low-intensity anger toward an unwanted stimulus, intrusion, or obstacle. The closest psychological state is irritation; a situational episode is different from a persistent clinical pattern of irritability.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Distant", "t": "I", "a": "emotional detachment and reduced interpersonal engagement", "d": "Experiencing reduced emotional closeness or felt connection to others, sometimes with less desire to disclose, respond, or engage. The closest construct is emotional detachment, which may accompany withdrawal but does not specify its cause.", "c": [ { "n": "Withdrawn", "t": "E", "a": "social withdrawal", "d": "Reducing or retreating from social interaction and interpersonal engagement, often with detachment or limited emotional expression.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Numb", "t": "E", "a": "emotional numbing", "d": "Experiencing reduced emotional responsiveness or difficulty accessing feelings, including positive feelings. Here the term refers to emotional numbing, not loss of physical sensation.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Critical", "t": "I", "a": "negative evaluation and interpersonal criticism", "d": "Adopting a negatively evaluative stance that emphasizes perceived faults and communicates disapproval. Interpersonal criticism, including the criticism dimension studied in expressed emotion, is the closest clinical research construct; feeling critical is not itself a disorder.", "c": [ { "n": "Skeptical", "t": "I", "a": "epistemic doubt and uncertainty appraisal", "d": "Experiencing doubt about a claim, intention, explanation, or expected outcome and withholding belief or trust while evaluating it. The closest constructs are epistemic uncertainty and appraisal of credibility; skepticism need not involve distress or pathology.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Dismissive", "t": "I", "a": "interpersonal discounting and emotional invalidation", "d": "Discounting another person's perspective, feeling, or concern as unimportant or undeserving of attention. The closest interpersonal constructs are devaluation and, when feelings are discounted, emotional invalidation; this label does not imply a particular attachment style.", "c": [] } ] } ] }, { "n": "Disgusted", "t": "E", "a": "disgust", "d": "Experiencing strong aversion toward something perceived as physically repulsive or morally objectionable, often with an urge to avoid or reject it.", "c": [ { "n": "Disapproving", "t": "I", "a": "negative evaluative appraisal", "d": "Appraising a behavior, person, or situation as inconsistent with one's standards or expectations and experiencing an unfavorable attitude toward it. The closest construct is negative evaluative appraisal, which may accompany anger, disgust, or disappointment.", "c": [ { "n": "Judgmental", "t": "I", "a": "negative social evaluation and moral condemnation", "d": "Making strongly unfavorable evaluations of another person's conduct, motives, or worth, sometimes with moral condemnation and limited openness to context. The closest constructs are negative social evaluation and evaluative attribution, rather than a distinct clinical emotion.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Embarrassed", "t": "E", "a": "embarrassment", "d": "Experiencing self-conscious discomfort when one's behavior, appearance, or circumstances seem awkward, exposed, or likely to attract unwanted social evaluation.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Disappointed", "t": "I", "a": "disappointment and negative expectation disconfirmation", "d": "Experiencing negative emotion when an actual or anticipated outcome falls below a valued expectation. The closest construct is disappointment following negative expectation disconfirmation, often involving sadness, frustration, or diminished motivation rather than surprise alone.", "c": [ { "n": "Appalled", "t": "I", "a": "disgust, moral disapproval, and negative surprise", "d": "Experiencing an intense negative reaction to something appraised as deeply unacceptable, offensive, or disturbing. The closest interpretation is a combination of disgust or moral disapproval with negative surprise, rather than a single distinct clinical syndrome.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Revolted", "t": "I", "a": "intense disgust and aversion", "d": "Experiencing strong disgust and aversion toward a stimulus or action appraised as physically repulsive or morally objectionable. The closest clinical and psychological construct is intense disgust, with motivation to reject or avoid the target.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Awful", "t": "I", "a": "nonspecific psychological distress and negative affect", "d": "Experiencing strongly unpleasant feeling that has not yet been differentiated into a specific emotion or bodily complaint. The closest clinical construct is nonspecific distress or negative affect; context is needed to identify its emotional and physical components.", "c": [ { "n": "Nauseated", "t": "E", "a": "nausea", "d": "Experiencing the unpleasant sensation of needing or wanting to vomit. Nausea is a bodily symptom that may accompany disgust but has many other causes.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Detestable", "t": "I", "a": "disgust-based evaluation and, when self-directed, self-disgust", "d": "Evaluating a person, action, or aspect of oneself as intensely repugnant or unacceptable. The closest affective construct is disgust; when the label means \"I feel detestable,\" the best-fit interpretation is self-directed disgust rather than an objective description of worth.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Repelled", "t": "I", "a": "disgust-related aversion and avoidance motivation", "d": "Experiencing an aversive response that creates an urge to move away, reject contact, or avoid engagement with a target. The closest constructs are disgust-related aversion and avoidance motivation, which may involve physical or moral concerns.", "c": [ { "n": "Horrified", "t": "I", "a": "intense fear or disgust with negative surprise", "d": "Experiencing intense negative alarm or shock at something appraised as terrible, threatening, or repugnant. The closest interpretation combines fear or disgust with negative surprise; the mix depends on whether danger or moral revulsion is central.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Hesitant", "t": "I", "a": "uncertainty and approach-avoidance conflict", "d": "Experiencing uncertainty or competing motives about proceeding, so action or commitment is delayed. The closest framework is approach-avoidance conflict or anxious uncertainty, especially when a desired action also carries perceived risk.", "c": [] } ] } ] }, { "n": "Sad", "t": "E", "a": "sadness", "d": "Experiencing unhappiness or sorrow, often in response to loss, disappointment, or separation. Its intensity may range from mild to profound.", "c": [ { "n": "Hurt", "t": "I", "a": "hurt feelings and social or emotional pain", "d": "Experiencing emotional pain after perceiving rejection, relational devaluation, criticism, betrayal, or loss. The closest construct is hurt feelings or social pain, particularly when an important relationship seems less caring or secure than expected.", "c": [ { "n": "Embarrassed", "t": "E", "a": "embarrassment", "d": "Experiencing self-conscious discomfort when one's behavior, appearance, or circumstances seem awkward, exposed, or likely to attract unwanted social evaluation.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Disappointed", "t": "I", "a": "disappointment and negative expectation disconfirmation", "d": "Experiencing negative emotion when an actual or anticipated outcome falls below a valued expectation. The closest construct is disappointment following negative expectation disconfirmation, often involving sadness, frustration, or diminished motivation rather than surprise alone.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Depressed", "t": "E", "a": "depressed mood", "d": "Experiencing a low or despondent mood, sometimes with reduced interest, energy, or motivation. This feeling label alone does not establish a depressive disorder.", "c": [ { "n": "Inferior", "t": "I", "a": "negative social comparison and low self-esteem", "d": "Evaluating oneself unfavorably relative to others and experiencing oneself as less capable, worthy, or socially important. The closest constructs are negative social comparison and low self-esteem; this appraisal does not establish actual inferiority.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Empty", "t": "E", "a": "subjective emptiness", "d": "Experiencing an internal sense of absence or hollowness, which may involve diminished feeling, meaning, identity, or connection to others.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Guilty", "t": "E", "a": "guilt", "d": "Experiencing a self-conscious emotion associated with believing one has done, failed to do, or thought something that violates a moral or personal standard.", "c": [ { "n": "Remorseful", "t": "I", "a": "guilt, regret, and reparative motivation", "d": "Experiencing sorrow and regret about a perceived wrongdoing or harm for which one feels responsible. The closest constructs are guilt and reparative motivation, often involving a wish to acknowledge responsibility, make amends, or prevent recurrence.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Ashamed", "t": "E", "a": "shame", "d": "Experiencing painful self-consciousness about perceived defects, failures, or unacceptable conduct, often with an urge to hide, withdraw, or conceal oneself.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Despair", "t": "I", "a": "hopelessness and loss of perceived coping options", "d": "Experiencing profound hopelessness and a sense that meaningful improvement or an acceptable outcome is no longer possible. The closest clinical constructs are hopelessness and loss of perceived coping options, rather than sadness alone.", "c": [ { "n": "Powerless", "t": "I", "a": "low perceived control and helplessness", "d": "Perceiving that one's actions cannot meaningfully influence an unwanted situation or protect an important interest. The closest constructs are low perceived control and helplessness; the subjective experience does not establish that all effective action is impossible.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Grief", "t": "E", "a": "grief", "d": "Experiencing an emotional and psychological response to significant loss, especially the death of a loved person, which may include sorrow, yearning, and other feelings.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Vulnerable", "t": "I", "a": "perceived susceptibility to harm and limited protection", "d": "Appraising oneself as susceptible to emotional, social, or physical harm because protection or coping resources feel limited. In this sadness branch, the closest interpretation is felt exposure to injury or rejection, rather than a fixed personal deficit.", "c": [ { "n": "Fragile", "t": "I", "a": "low perceived distress tolerance and coping capacity", "d": "Experiencing oneself as easily overwhelmed or destabilized by emotional demands, with limited confidence in recovering or coping. The closest constructs are low perceived distress tolerance and reduced coping capacity, rather than an objective judgment of weakness.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Victimized", "t": "I", "a": "perceived victimization and interpersonal harm", "d": "Experiencing or appraising oneself as harmed, exploited, unfairly targeted, or deprived of fair treatment by another person or circumstance. The closest constructs are perceived victimization and interpersonal harm, with possible fear, hurt, anger, or helplessness.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Lonely", "t": "E", "a": "loneliness", "d": "Experiencing distress when the connection, intimacy, or companionship one wants differs from what one perceives oneself to have.", "c": [ { "n": "Isolated", "t": "E", "a": "social isolation", "d": "Describing limited social contact or access to supportive relationships; as a feeling label, it can mean feeling cut off from others. Isolation differs from subjective loneliness.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Abandoned", "t": "I", "a": "attachment-related separation distress and loss of expected support", "d": "Experiencing separation-related distress when an important person seems to withdraw presence, care, or protection that one expected. The closest framework is attachment-related distress and perceived loss of support; actual separation and anticipated abandonment can both produce this feeling.", "c": [] } ] } ] }, { "n": "Happy", "t": "E", "a": "happiness and positive affect", "d": "Experiencing a pleasant emotional state involving enjoyment, satisfaction, or well-being.", "c": [ { "n": "Optimistic", "t": "E", "a": "optimism", "d": "Expecting favorable outcomes or believing that circumstances and efforts are likely to lead to positive results.", "c": [ { "n": "Inspired", "t": "E", "a": "inspiration", "d": "Experiencing an evoked state of motivation and possibility that draws one toward expressing, creating, or pursuing something perceived as meaningful or valuable.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Hopeful", "t": "E", "a": "hope", "d": "Anticipating that a desired outcome is possible or that a difficult situation may improve, supporting continued motivation or coping.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Trusting", "t": "E", "a": "interpersonal trust", "d": "Feeling confidence in the reliability or dependability of someone or something, with a willingness to rely on them.", "c": [ { "n": "Intimate", "t": "I", "a": "emotional intimacy and perceived responsiveness", "d": "Experiencing emotional closeness through trust, personal disclosure, and a sense of being understood, valued, or cared for. The closest construct is emotional intimacy, often supported by perceived responsiveness; sexual contact is not required.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Sensitive", "t": "I", "a": "empathic attunement and interpersonal responsiveness", "d": "Experiencing receptivity to emotional cues and responsiveness to another person's needs or vulnerability. In this positive Trusting branch, empathic attunement is the best-fit interpretation; the same word can mean heightened reactivity or sensory sensitivity in other contexts.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Peaceful", "t": "I", "a": "serenity and low-arousal positive affect", "d": "Experiencing internal calm, ease, and relative emotional settledness, often with low physiological activation. The closest constructs are serenity and low-arousal positive affect; this state does not require the absence of every concern or external stressor.", "c": [ { "n": "Thankful", "t": "I", "a": "gratitude", "d": "Experiencing appreciative recognition of a benefit, kindness, or favorable circumstance, often acknowledging another person's contribution. The closest construct is gratitude, which can involve warmth and motivation to respond with care or reciprocity.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Loving", "t": "I", "a": "affection, attachment, and caring motivation", "d": "Experiencing affectionate attachment, warmth, and motivation to care for another person's well-being or maintain connection. The closest constructs are affection, attachment, and caring motivation, which together cover the broad meaning of this feeling label.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Powerful", "t": "I", "a": "perceived control, agency, and self-efficacy", "d": "Experiencing confidence that one can choose, act, or influence outcomes that matter. The closest constructs are perceived control, agency, and self-efficacy; the label does not by itself indicate grandiosity, dominance, or unusually elevated mood.", "c": [ { "n": "Creative", "t": "E", "a": "creativity and creative motivation", "d": "Describing the capacity to generate ideas, expressions, or solutions that are original and appropriate to their purpose. As a feeling label, it means feeling able or motivated to create, rather than identifying a separate clinical emotion.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Courageous", "t": "I", "a": "courage and approach behavior despite fear", "d": "Experiencing willingness to approach a meaningful action despite fear or anticipated difficulty. The closest construct is courage, particularly behavior guided by a valued aim while fear is present, rather than an absence of fear.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Accepted", "t": "I", "a": "social acceptance and belonging", "d": "Perceiving that others welcome one's presence, recognize one's membership, or allow connection without rejection. The closest constructs are social acceptance and belonging, with the emotional experience depending on the importance of the person or group.", "c": [ { "n": "Valued", "t": "I", "a": "perceived mattering and relational value", "d": "Experiencing a sense that one's presence, needs, well-being, or contributions matter to others. The closest construct is perceived mattering or relational value, rather than merely receiving praise or achieving a task.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Respected", "t": "I", "a": "perceived recognition of dignity and social standing", "d": "Perceiving that others recognize one's dignity, boundaries, abilities, or legitimate standing and respond with appropriate consideration. The closest constructs are social recognition and dignity-related appraisal, which differ from simple approval or affection.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Proud", "t": "E", "a": "pride", "d": "Experiencing positive self-evaluation in response to a valued achievement, quality, or contribution, often involving recognition of accomplishment.", "c": [ { "n": "Confident", "t": "E", "a": "self-confidence and perceived self-efficacy", "d": "Experiencing trust in one's abilities, judgment, or capacity to manage a situation or accomplish a task.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Successful", "t": "I", "a": "perceived goal attainment and mastery", "d": "Appraising a valued goal or performance standard as achieved, producing a sense of competence or accomplishment. The closest constructs are perceived goal attainment and mastery, which may support pride and confidence without implying success in every domain.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Interested", "t": "I", "a": "interest and motivated attention", "d": "Experiencing motivated attention toward something appraised as engaging, novel, complex, or personally meaningful, with readiness to explore it. The closest construct is interest, which involves sustained engagement rather than merely noticing a stimulus.", "c": [ { "n": "Inquisitive", "t": "I", "a": "epistemic curiosity and information-seeking motivation", "d": "Experiencing curiosity expressed through questioning, investigating, or actively seeking explanations. The closest construct is epistemic curiosity with an information-seeking action tendency, rather than a separate clinical emotion.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Curious", "t": "I", "a": "epistemic curiosity", "d": "Experiencing a desire to obtain information, explore novelty, or resolve a gap in understanding. The closest construct is epistemic curiosity, which may involve either pleasurable discovery or an urge to reduce uncertainty.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Content", "t": "I", "a": "contentment and perceived sufficiency", "d": "Experiencing satisfaction because the present situation feels sufficient or complete, with reduced urgency to seek more or change it. The closest construct is contentment, a relatively settled positive state that differs from high-arousal excitement.", "c": [ { "n": "Joyful", "t": "E", "a": "joy", "d": "Experiencing joy, a positive emotion involving delight, gladness, or pleasure in something valued or welcome.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Free", "t": "I", "a": "autonomy and volition", "d": "Experiencing a sense that one's choices and actions are voluntarily endorsed rather than compelled by unwanted control. The closest construct is autonomy or volition; feeling free can coexist with responsibilities or external limits.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Playful", "t": "I", "a": "playfulness and spontaneous positive engagement", "d": "Experiencing a readiness to engage spontaneously with humor, imagination, amusement, or enjoyable interaction. The closest construct is playfulness, interpreted here as a momentary state rather than a personality trait or a separate diagnostic emotion.", "c": [ { "n": "Cheeky", "t": "I", "a": "playful teasing and socially bold expression", "d": "Expressing or feeling playful social boldness through teasing, irreverence, or mild provocation that tests ordinary boundaries. The closest constructs are playful teasing and uninhibited social expression; the label does not establish clinical disinhibition or harmful intent.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Aroused", "t": "E", "a": "physiological and psychological arousal", "d": "Experiencing increased physiological or psychological activation, such as heightened alertness, excitement, or energy. Arousal is not necessarily sexual or pleasant.", "c": [] } ] } ] }, { "n": "Surprised", "t": "E", "a": "surprise", "d": "Experiencing a brief reaction to something unexpected that redirects attention toward understanding what has happened. Surprise may be pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral.", "c": [ { "n": "Excited", "t": "I", "a": "high-arousal positive affect and approach motivation", "d": "Experiencing energized positive affect and readiness to engage with something rewarding, meaningful, or anticipated. The closest constructs are high-arousal positive affect and approach motivation; excitement is not equivalent to clinical mania.", "c": [ { "n": "Energetic", "t": "I", "a": "subjective vitality", "d": "Experiencing subjective aliveness and available mental or physical energy for activity. The closest construct is subjective vitality; this feeling does not by itself establish physical fitness, sustained performance capacity, or an abnormal mood state.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Eager", "t": "I", "a": "anticipatory approach motivation", "d": "Experiencing strong anticipatory desire and readiness to pursue a valued activity, opportunity, or outcome. The closest construct is approach motivation directed toward an expected reward or meaningful goal.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Amazed", "t": "I", "a": "intense surprise and wonder", "d": "Experiencing strong surprise, often with wonder, when an event or discovery exceeds ordinary expectations. The closest constructs are intense surprise and exploratory attention; unlike awe, perceived vastness is not necessary.", "c": [ { "n": "Awe", "t": "E", "a": "awe", "d": "Experiencing wonder in response to something perceived as vast or extraordinary that challenges one's existing understanding and calls for a broader perspective.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Astonished", "t": "I", "a": "intense surprise", "d": "Experiencing intense surprise because an event or information sharply departs from what one expected or thought possible. The closest construct is a strong surprise response, sometimes with a brief pause while expectations are revised.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Confused", "t": "I", "a": "epistemic confusion and cognitive incongruity", "d": "Experiencing uncertainty because available information conflicts with expectations or cannot yet be organized into a coherent understanding. The closest construct is epistemic confusion; this wheel label does not indicate delirium, disorientation, or another altered mental state.", "c": [ { "n": "Perplexed", "t": "I", "a": "confusion and unresolved cognitive uncertainty", "d": "Experiencing a specific difficulty explaining, resolving, or making sense of information that remains inconsistent or unclear. The closest construct is confusion associated with unresolved cognitive uncertainty, often motivating further examination or questioning.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Disillusioned", "t": "I", "a": "negative expectation disconfirmation and belief revision", "d": "Experiencing disappointment and loss of a previously favorable belief after information undermines an admired person, situation, or ideal. The closest constructs are negative expectation disconfirmation and belief revision, sometimes accompanied by sadness or distrust.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Startled", "t": "E", "a": "startle response", "d": "Experiencing a rapid, involuntary defensive response to an abrupt or intense stimulus, such as a sudden noise. Startle is a reflex and can accompany emotion.", "c": [ { "n": "Dismayed", "t": "I", "a": "disappointment, discouragement, and threat appraisal", "d": "Experiencing discouragement, disappointment, or alarm when an unwelcome event undermines hope, confidence, or perceived ability to cope. The closest interpretation combines disappointment with negative surprise or threat appraisal, depending on the situation.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Shocked", "t": "I", "a": "acute emotional distress and negative surprise", "d": "Experiencing an abrupt, strong emotional response to an unexpected or disturbing event, sometimes with disbelief or temporary difficulty organizing a response. The closest constructs are negative surprise and acute distress; this is distinct from medical circulatory shock.", "c": [] } ] } ] }, { "n": "Bad", "t": "I", "a": "undifferentiated negative affect or distress", "d": "Experiencing a broadly unpleasant emotional or bodily state that has not yet been specified. The closest constructs are undifferentiated negative affect and distress, with further description needed to distinguish fatigue, anxiety, sadness, discomfort, or other components.", "c": [ { "n": "Tired", "t": "E", "a": "fatigue", "d": "Experiencing fatigue or reduced energy and capacity for mental or physical effort. Tiredness does not necessarily include an increased tendency to fall asleep.", "c": [ { "n": "Unfocussed", "t": "E", "a": "attention and concentration difficulty", "d": "Experiencing difficulty directing or sustaining attention on a task, thought, or stimulus. The original wheel spelling is retained.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Sleepy", "t": "E", "a": "sleepiness and somnolence", "d": "Experiencing an increased tendency or desire to fall asleep, associated with reduced wakefulness or alertness.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Stressed", "t": "E", "a": "psychological stress", "d": "Experiencing mental and bodily strain in response to demands, challenges, or threats, especially when they tax available coping resources.", "c": [ { "n": "Out of control", "t": "I", "a": "perceived loss of control and possible difficulty with emotion regulation", "d": "Experiencing a perceived inability to influence unfolding events or regulate one's own emotional or behavioral responses. The closest constructs are loss of perceived control and, when the difficulty concerns one's reactions, impaired emotion regulation.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Overwhelmed", "t": "I", "a": "psychological stress and demand-versus-resource appraisal", "d": "Appraising emotional intensity or situational demands as exceeding available coping resources, so organizing thoughts, regulating feelings, or choosing an effective response feels difficult. The closest framework is psychological stress and coping appraisal.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Busy", "t": "I", "a": "perceived demand load and attentional occupation", "d": "Appraising one's time and attention as occupied by numerous or demanding activities. The closest constructs are perceived demand load and attentional occupation; feeling busy may become stressful when demands exceed available resources, but need not be distressing.", "c": [ { "n": "Rushed", "t": "I", "a": "perceived time pressure", "d": "Perceiving that available time is insufficient for what must be done, producing urgency and a sense of needing to move faster. The closest construct is perceived time pressure, which can occur even without an objectively short deadline.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Pressured", "t": "I", "a": "perceived demands and stress appraisal", "d": "Experiencing demands or expectations as pushing one to perform, decide, or act, sometimes with reduced felt choice. The closest framework is stress appraisal involving internal or external demands, rather than a distinct basic emotion.", "c": [] } ] }, { "n": "Bored", "t": "E", "a": "boredom", "d": "Experiencing an unpleasant lack of engagement or stimulation, with difficulty sustaining interest in the present activity or surroundings.", "c": [ { "n": "Apathetic", "t": "E", "a": "apathy", "d": "Experiencing reduced motivation and initiative, with diminished goal-directed activity, interest, or engagement. Clinically, apathy concerns motivational functioning and is distinct from simply feeling bored, emotionally numb, or uninterested in one specific activity.", "c": [] }, { "n": "Indifferent", "t": "I", "a": "low situational interest and emotional disengagement", "d": "Experiencing little emotional investment, concern, or interest toward a particular person, event, or outcome. The closest interpretation is situational disengagement or low motivational relevance, which differs from the generalized reduction in motivation seen in apathy.", "c": [] } ] } ] } ] }